<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
<Article>
<Journal>
<PublisherName>jmedicalcasereports</PublisherName>
<JournalTitle>Frontiers in Medical Case Reports</JournalTitle>
<PISSN>I</PISSN>
<EISSN>S</EISSN>
<Volume-Issue>Volume 1; Issue 1</Volume-Issue>
<PartNumber/>
<IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
<IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
<Season>(Jan-Feb, 2020)</Season>
<SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
<SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
<IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
<PubDate>
<Year>-0001</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>30</Day>
</PubDate>
<ArticleType>Veterinary Medicine</ArticleType>
<ArticleTitle>Suspected Calcinosis Cutis and Demodicosis, Secondary to an Exogenous Steroid Administration in a Dog with Hypoadrenocorticism</ArticleTitle>
<SubTitle/>
<ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
<ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
<FirstPage>1</FirstPage>
<LastPage>11</LastPage>
<AuthorList>
<Author>
<FirstName>Davide</FirstName>
<LastName>Immediato</LastName>
<AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
<Affiliation/>
<CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
<ORCID/>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<DOI/>
<Abstract>Hypoadrenocorticism is an uncommon, life-threatening, disease with immune-mediated aetiology, caused by reduced production of glucocorticoids and often also mineralocorticoids. The treatment is supplementation of cortisol, and aldosterone analogues if needed. High exogenous glucocorticoid supplementation can result in iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism, development of calcinosis cutis or immune-suppression leading to demodicosis.
A 4-year-old female neutered Labrador retriever who was receiving treatment for hypoadrenocorticism, was presented for bilateral, symmetrical, well-demarcated areas of alopecia with multiple firm pale-yellow hard and gritty plaque-like lesions, erythematous papules and ulceration which had developed; six months later the dog was presented for generalised alopecia and erythema. Diagnostics investigation for the plaque lesions included cytological examination which revealed amorphous glassy and transparent material and evidence of crystals compatible with calcinosis cutis. Skin scrapes of the areas of alopecia and erythema revealed Demodex spp. A reduction of glucocorticoids resulted in resolution of calcinosis cutis and treatment with a fluralaner chewable tablet (Bravecto®, MSD) treated her demodicosis.</Abstract>
<AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
<Keywords>Calcinosis Cutis,Demodicosis,Steroid,Hypoadrenocorticism</Keywords>
<URLs>
<Abstract>https://jmedicalcasereports.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=6911&title=Suspected Calcinosis Cutis and Demodicosis, Secondary to an Exogenous Steroid Administration in a Dog with Hypoadrenocorticism</Abstract>
</URLs>
<References>
<ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
<ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
<ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
<References>Albanese F. Cytology of canine and feline non-neoplastic skin diseases. 1st ed. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing 2017; pp. 108-116.
Arsenovic M, Pezo L, Vasic N, CIric R, Stefanovic M. The main factors influencing canine demodicosis treatments outcome and determination of optimal therapy. Parasitology Research 2015; 114: 2415-2426.
Cereundolo R. Treatment of canine demodicosis. In Practice 2016; 38: 675-687.
Coatesworth J. Canine demodicosis consideration. Vet Times [online], 2011. Available at: https://www.vettimes.co.uk › uploads › wp-post-to-pdf-enhanced-cache [Accessed 17 November 2019].
Doerr AK, Outerbridge CA, White SD, Kass PH, Shiraki R, Lam AT, Affolter VK. Calcinosis cutis in dogs: histopathological and clinical analysis of 46 cases. Veterinary Dermatology 2013; 24: 355-361.
Ferrer L, Ravera I, Silbermayr K. Immunology and pathogenesis of canine demodicosis. Veterinary Dermatology 2014; 25: 427-435.
Fourie JJ, Liebenberg JE, Horak IG, Taenzler J, Heckeroth AR, Frand;eacute;nais R. Efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (BravectoTM) or topically applied imidacloprid/moxidectin (Advocate®) against generalized demodicosis in dogs. Parasites and; Vectors 2015; 8: 187.
Frazier KS, Hullinger GA, Liggett AD, Hines II ME. Multiple cutaneous metaplastic ossification associated with iatrogenic hyperglucocorticoidism. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 1998; 10: 303-307.
Holahan ML, Loft KE, Swenson CL, Martinez-Ruzaf L. Generalized calcinosis cutis associated with disseminated paecilomycosis in dog. Veterinary Dermatology 2006; 19: 368-372.
Hsu K, Snead E, Davies J, Carr A. Iatrogenic Hyperadrenocorticism, calcinosis cutis and myocardial infarction in a dog treated for IMT. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 2012; 48: 209-215.
Huang HP, Yang HLY, Liang SL, Lien YH, Chen KY. Iatrogenic Hyperadrenocorticism in 28 Dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 1999; 35: 200-207.
Jang HJ, Kang MH, Sur JH, Park HM. Minocycline as a treatment of dog with calcinosis cutis. Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2013; 53: 253-256.
Koch SN. Updates on the management of canine demodicosis. Today’s Veterinary Practice [online], 2017. Available at: https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/dermatology-detailsupdates-management-canine-demodicosis/ [Accessed 17 November 2019].
Lathan P and Thompson AL. Management of hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s disease) in dogs. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports 2018; 9: 1-10.
Mueller RS. Treatment protocols for demodicosis: an evidence-based review. Veterinary Dermatology 2004; 15: 75-89.
Munday JS, Bergen DJ, Roe WD. Generalized calcinosis cutis associated with probable leptospirosis in a dog. Veterinary Dermatology 2005; 16: 401-406.
Peterson ME and Kintzer PP. Hypoadrenocorticism. In: J.D. Bonagura, D.C. Twedt, ed. Kirkand;#39;s Current Veterinary Therapy. 14th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier. 2009; pp. 231-235.
Schaer M, Ginn PE, Fox LE, Leon J, Ramirez FM. Severe calcinosis cutis associated with treatment of hypoparathyroidism in a dog. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 2001; 37: 364-369.
Tan RM, Stern AW, White AG, Campbell KL, Novak K. Pathology in practice. Calcinosis cutis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2013; 243: 347-349.
Van Lanen K and Sande A. Canine Hypoadrenocorticism: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine 2014; 29: 88-95.
Volk AV, Volk HA, Rest JR, Loderstedt S, Bond R. Calcinosis cutis at cytarabine injection site in three dogs receiving prednisolone. The Veterinary Record 2015; 171: 327-329.
WSAVA.org. WSAVA Official Website [Online]. Body condition score, 2013. Available at: https://www.wsava.org/sites/default/files/Body%20condition%20score%20chart%20dogs.pdf</References>
</References>
</Journal>
</Article>
</ArticleSet>