<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>jmedicalcasereports</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Medical Case Reports</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 2; Issue 1, (Jan-Jun,2022)</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>Archives of Medical and Clinical Research</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Medical and Clinical Research</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Pleural Empyema Concurrent with Arteriovenous Malformation of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions: A Case Report</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>1</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>6</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Yan</FirstName>
          <LastName>Chen</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Mengjie</FirstName>
          <LastName>Zheng</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Liyan</FirstName>
          <LastName>Bo</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Congcong</FirstName>
          <LastName>Li</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Introduction: Pleural empyema is a common disease and involves an increasing number of patients. Here, we describe a case of pleural empyema and bacteremia secondary to hemorrhage of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the oral and maxillofacial regions.&#13;
&#13;
Case Summary: A 23-year-old female diagnosed with maxillofacial AVM previously presented to our hospital with fever and dyspnea for 8 days. Chest computed tomography (CT) images showed that she had pleural empyema. Bacterial detection showed the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Parvimonas micra. Antibiotic therapy combined with pleural space drainage were not effective until the hemorrhage of the AVM stopped.&#13;
&#13;
Conclusion: AVM rupture and bleeding may lead to persistent or refractory infection, and hemostasis is vital in preventing infection secondary to AVM.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Pleural Empyema,Arteriovenous Malformation,Oral and Maxillofacial Region</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://jmedicalcasereports.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=15264&amp;title=Pleural Empyema Concurrent with Arteriovenous Malformation of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions: A Case Report</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References>Arnold DT, Hamilton FW, Morris TT, Suri T, Morley A, Frost V, Vipond IB, Medford AR, Payne RA, Muir P, Maskell NA. Epidemiology of pleural empyema in English hospitals and the impact of influenza. Eur Respir J 2021; 57.&#13;
&#13;
Brailsford SR, Tregaskis RB, Leftwich HS, Beighton D. The predominant Actinomyces spp. Isolated from infected dentin of active root caries lesions. J Dent Res 1999; 78: 1525-1534.&#13;
&#13;
Clark J. Microbiology and management of pleural empyema. Adv Exp Med Biol 2009; 634: 61-68.&#13;
&#13;
Ethunandan M and Mellor TK. Haemangiomas and vascular malformations of the maxillofacial region--a review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 44: 263-272.&#13;
&#13;
Falguera M, Carratala J, Bielsa S, Garcia-Vidal C, Ruiz-Gonzalez A, Chica I, Gudiol F, Porcel JM. Predictive factors, microbiology and outcome of patients with parapneumonic effusion. Eur Respir J 2011; 38: 1173-1179.&#13;
&#13;
Farjah F, Symons RG, Krishnadasan B, Wood DE, Flum DR. Management of pleural space infections: A population-based analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133: 346-351.&#13;
&#13;
Godfrey MS, Bramley KT, Detterbeck F. Medical and surgical management of empyema. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 40: 361-374.&#13;
&#13;
Maskell NA, Batt S, Hedley EL, Davies CW, Gillespie SH, Davies RJ. The bacteriology of pleural infection by genetic and standard methods and its mortality significance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174: 817-823.&#13;
&#13;
Perez D, Leibold D, Liddell A, Duraini M. Vascular lesions of the maxillofacial region: A case report and review of the literature. Tex Dent J 2010; 127: 1045-1057.&#13;
&#13;
Stern JB, Fournel L, Wyplosz B, Girard P, Al NM, Gossot D, Seguin-Givelet A. Early and delayed post-pneumonectomy empyemas: Microbiology, management and prognosis. Clin Respir J 2018; 12: 1753-1761.&#13;
&#13;
Su LX, Fan XD, Zheng JW, Wang YA, Qin ZP, Wang XK, Yang YW, Zhao YF. A practical guide for diagnosis and treatment of arteriovenous malformations in the oral and maxillofacial region. Chin J Dent Res 2014; 17: 85-89.&#13;
&#13;
Zhou Q, Yang XJ, Zheng JW, Wang YA. Hemangioma concurrent with arteriovenous malformation in oral and maxillofacial region: Report of a case and review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69: 1100-1102.</References>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>