<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>jmedicalcasereports</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Medical Case Reports</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 5; Issue 2</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>(Mar-Apr, 2024)</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Medical Case Reports</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Recanalization of Vas Deferens and Pregnancy One Year After Negative Post Vasectomy Semen Analysis Followed by Positive and Then Negative Semen Analysis: A Case Report</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>1</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>5</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Jeremy Z</FirstName>
          <LastName>Goodman</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Daniel H</FirstName>
          <LastName>Williams</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Vasectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by Urologists worldwide and considered a safe and permanent method of contraception. The risk of conception following vasectomy is postulated to be 1:2000. Early failure is defined as a post operative semen analysis showing persistent motile sperm while late failure is defined as a rejoining of the severed ends of the vas deferens. There are no reports in the literature of recanalization of the vas deferens resulting in motile sperm and pregnancy and then subsequent negative semen analysis without surgical intervention or re-do vasectomy. Our case shows that recanalization can occur late after vasectomy resulting in pregnancy but that the recanalization can be reversed without intervention.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Vasectomy,Recanalization,Paternity,Semen Analysis,Contraception</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://jmedicalcasereports.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=15092&amp;title=Recanalization of Vas Deferens and Pregnancy One Year After Negative Post Vasectomy Semen Analysis Followed by Positive and Then Negative Semen Analysis: A Case Report</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References>Eisenberg ML, Lipshultz LI. Estimating the number of vasectomies performed annually in the United States: data from the National Survey of Family Growth. J Urol 2010; 184: 2068-2072.&#13;
&#13;
Hieu DT, Luong TT, Anh PT, Ngoc DH, Duong LQ. The acceptability, efficacy and safety of quinacrine non-surgical sterilization (QS), tubectomy and vasectomy in 5 provinces in the Red River Delta, Vietnam: a follow-up of 15,190 cases. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 2: S77-S85.&#13;
&#13;
Labrecque M, Hays M, Chen-Mok M, Barone MA, Sokal D. Frequency and patterns of early recanalization after vasectomy. BMC Urol 2006; 6: 25.&#13;
&#13;
Lowe G. Optimizing outcomes in vasectomy: how to ensure sterility and prevent complications. Transl Androl Urol 2016; 5: 176-180.&#13;
&#13;
Manka MG, Miller A, Sharma V, Butaney M, Trost L, Ziegelmann M. Discrepancy between Post-Vasectomy Semen Analysis Recommendation and Practice Patterns in the Post-2012 American Urological Association Guideline Era. J Urol 2020; 204: 1312-1317.&#13;
&#13;
Michaelides A, Ghani M. Paternity seven years after a negative post-vasectomy semen analysis: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2020; 14: 53.&#13;
&#13;
Sharlip ID, Belker AM, Honig S, Labrecque M, Marmar JL, Ross LS, Sandlow JI, Sokal DC; American Urological Association. Vasectomy: AUA guideline. J Urol 2012; 188: 2482-2491.&#13;
&#13;
Sherlock DJ, Holl-Allen RT. Delayed spontaneous recanalization of the vas deferens. Br J Surg 1984; 71: 532-533.&#13;
&#13;
Sokal D, McMullen S, Gates D, Dominik R. A comparative study of the no scalpel and standard incision approaches to vasectomy in 5 countries. The Male Sterilization Investigator Team. J Urol 1999; 162: 1621-1625.&#13;
&#13;
Yang F, Li J, Dong L, Tan K, Huang X, Zhang P, Liu X, Chang D, Yu X. Review of Vasectomy Complications and Safety Concerns. World J Mens Health 2021; 39: 406-418.</References>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>